Garuti G, Bandiera G, Cattaruzza MS, Gelati L, Osborn JF, Toscani S, Confalonieri M, Lusuardi M.
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2010 Dec;73(4):145-51
Prospective observational study investigating effect of CPAP prior to admission to emergency room, on reduction of endotracheal intubation, in-hospital mortality and length of stay. Results showed that mortality was reduced when helmet CPAP was applied both in the pre-hospital and in-hospital settings. Authors conclude that using CPAP by trained nurses is 'safe, reduces mortality and hospital length of stay'.
Link to abstract.
Foti G, Sangalli F, Berra L, Sironi S, Cazzaniga M, Rossi GP, Bellani G, Pesenti A. Intensive Care Med. 2009 Apr;35(4):656-62
Comparison of application of CPAP by helmet in combination to medical therapy or used as a stand-alone procedure. In 62 patients split across the two groups, CPAP significantly improved oxygenation, reduced respiratory rate and improved hemodynamics. Based on results, authors propose 'helmet CPAP as first line pre-hospital treatment of presumed severe ACPE'.
Link to abstract.
Masip J, Roque M, Sánchez B, Fernández R, Subirana M, Expósito JA. JAMA. 2005 Dec 28;294(24):3124-30
Meta-analysis of 15 relevant randomised controlled trials and systematic reviews comparing NIV to conventional oxygen therapy in patients with acute pulmonary edema. Authors conclude that NIV 'reduces the need for intubation and mortality' in this scenario.
Link to abstract.
Tonnelier JM, Prat G, Nowak E, Goetghebeur D, Renault A, Boles JM, L'her E. Intensive Care Med. 2003 Nov;29(11):2077-80
Prospective pilot study on 11 adult patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, treated with helmet CPAP, matched with 11 control patients treated with standard face mask. Primary end points were improvements of gas exchanges and clinical parameters of respiratory distress. Authors conclude the helmet is an 'efficient alternative' to face mask treatment 'even in cases of severe respiratory acidosis and hypercapnia'.
Link to abstract.
Pelosi P, Severgnini P, Aspesi M, Gamberoni C, Chiumello D, Fachinetti C, Introzzi L, Antonelli M, Chiaranda M. Eur J Emerg Med. 2003 Jun;10(2):79-86.
Early review of the use of NIV and the helmet interface in the emergency department and in the pre-hospital setting. Authors concluded that the helmet 'can extend the application of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in different categories of patients with respiratory failure'.
Link to abstract.